win32 API编程之常用控件
2024-07-06一、按钮控件
二、美化按钮
三、windows资源文件.rc
四、资源相关函数
五、静态文本框
六、美化静态文本框
七、编辑框
八、美化编辑框
九、列表框
十、美化列表框
十一、组合框
十二、滚动条
十三、美化滚动条
一、按钮控件
1）注意事项
创建按钮一般在WM_CREATE消息中；
系统注册的按钮类名是“button”，不区分大小写。
WS_CHILD：控件是放在我们的窗口上的，自然要作为窗口的子窗口
WS_CHILDWINDOW也一样，为了节约几个字母，用WS_CHILD吧。
WS_VISIBLE：设置可见。
创建窗口函数讲解
HWND WINAPI CreateWindow( 类名, 显示内容, 风格, nt x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, 父窗口, 控件ID, HINSTANCE hInstance, LPVOID lpParam );
2）按钮样式
3）获取单选按钮与复选按钮的状态
4）代码实例
#include
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建控件或者子窗口
//普通按钮BS_PUSHBUTTON
HWND hBtn=CreateWindow(L"button", L"普通按钮", WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_PUSHBUTTON ,30, 30, 80, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)1000,//控件ID
pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//单选按钮
HWND hBtn1 = CreateWindow(L"button", L"单选按钮", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 30, 70, 80, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)1001,//控件ID
pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//复选按钮
HWND hBtn2 = CreateWindow(L"button", L"复选按钮", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 30, 110, 80, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)1002,//控件ID
pcs->hInstance, NULL);
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);
WORD code= HIWORD(wParam);
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;
if (id == 1000 && code == BN_CLICKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"普通按钮被单击！", L"提示",MB_OK);
}
else if (id == 1001)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"单选按钮被单击！", L"提示", MB_OK);
if (SendMessage(hCtrl, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"被选中！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
else if (SendMessage(hCtrl, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_UNCHECKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"没选中！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}
else if (id == 1002)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"复选按钮被单击！", L"提示", MB_OK);
/*
if (SendMessage(hCtrl, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"被选中！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
else if (SendMessage(hCtrl, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_UNCHECKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"没选中！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
*/
//简写形式((int)(DWORD)SNDMSG((hwndCtl), BM_GETCHECK, 0L, 0L))
if (Button_GetCheck(hCtrl) == BST_CHECKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"被选中！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
else if (Button_GetCheck(hCtrl) == BST_UNCHECKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"没选中！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
二、美化按钮
代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建位图按钮
HWND hBtn = CreateWindow(L"BuTtOn" /*不区分大小写*/,
L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_BITMAP,//指定为图片
30, 30, 217, 46, hWnd, (HMENU)1000, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//加载位图
HBITMAP hBmp=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL, L"C:\\Users\\35497\\Desktop\\code\\016\\Debug\\btn1.bmp",
IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);
//向控件发送BM_SETIMAGE消息设置按钮图片
LRESULT ret=SendMessage(hBtn, BM_SETIMAGE, (WPARAM)IMAGE_BITMAP, (LPARAM)hBmp);
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;
if (id == 1000 && code == BN_CLICKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"普通按钮被单击！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
三、windows资源文件.rc
1）创建步骤
四、资源相关函数
1）相关函数
2）LoadBitmap函数
3）LoadCursor函数
4）代码实例
#include
#include
#include"resource.h"
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建位图按钮
HWND hBtn = CreateWindow(L"BuTtOn" /*不区分大小写*/,
L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_BITMAP,//指定为图片
30, 30, 217, 46, hWnd, (HMENU)1000, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//LoadImage加载位图
//HBITMAP hBmp=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL, L"C:\\Users\\35497\\Desktop\\code\\016\\Debug\\btn1.bmp",
// IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);
//采用LoadBitmap加载位图资源(必须在rc文件中定义)
HBITMAP hBmp= LoadBitmap(pcs->hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1) );
//向控件发送BM_SETIMAGE消息设置按钮图片
LRESULT ret=SendMessage(hBtn, BM_SETIMAGE, (WPARAM)IMAGE_BITMAP, (LPARAM)hBmp);
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;
if (id == 1000 && code == BN_CLICKED)
{
MessageBox(hWnd, L"普通按钮被单击！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
//加载系统光标，第一个参数为NULL
//wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
//加载资源中的光标
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_CURSOR2));
//加载系统图标，第一个参数为NULL
//wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
//加载资源中的图标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_ICON2));
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//加载字符串资源
TCHAR buf[64] = {0};
LoadString(hInstance, IDS_STRING1, buf, sizeof(buf));
LoadString(GetModuleHandle(NULL), IDS_STRING2, buf, sizeof(buf));
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", buf,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
五、静态文本框
1）创建静态文本
2）静态控件样式
3）设置文本内容SetWindowText
4）可以向静态文本框发送消息来设置图标、位图等
5）代码实例
#include
#include"resource.h"
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//静态文本控件
HWND hStatic= CreateWindow(L"Static", L"这是一个静态文本", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE |WS_BORDER|SS_BITMAP|SS_NOTIFY,
30, 30,200, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//更改窗口标题
SetWindowText(hWnd, L"新窗口标题");
//设置控件（子窗口）内容
SetWindowText(hStatic, L"更改后的内容！");
//加载位图
HBITMAP hBmp= LoadBitmap(pcs->hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1));
//向控件发送STM_SETIMAGE消息设置静态控件的位图
SendMessage(hStatic, STM_SETIMAGE, IMAGE_BITMAP, (LPARAM)hBmp);
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code == STN_CLICKED)
{
MessageBox(NULL, L"静态文本被点击！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
六、美化静态文本
1）在WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC消息中美化静态文本。
3）GetWindowLong（）函数可以获取控件的信息。
2）代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//静态文本控件
HWND hStatic = CreateWindow(L"Static", L"这是一个静态文本", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE ,
30, 30, 200, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//静态文本控件
HWND hStatic2 = CreateWindow(L"Static", L"这是二个静态文本", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,
30, 80, 200, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)222, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
return 0;
}
//静态文本控件绘制之前发送的消息
case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC:
{
HDC hdc = (HDC)wParam;//设备上下文的句柄
HWND hStatic = (HWND)lParam;//控件句柄
UINT CtrlID = GetWindowLong(hStatic, GWL_ID); //获取控件ID
if(CtrlID ==111) //当控件ID=111时才美化
{
SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(255, 0, 0));//设置文字为红色
//SetBkColor(hdc, RGB(0, 255, 0));//设置文字的背景色
SetBkMode(hdc, TRANSPARENT);//设置文字背景透明
//return (LRESULT)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);//返回系统画笔
return (LRESULT)CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0, 0, 255)); //控件的背景色，自己创建的画刷，需要释放
}
else if (CtrlID == 222)
{
SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(0, 255, 0));//设置文字为红色
SetBkColor(hdc, RGB(255, 255, 0));//设置文字的背景色
return (LRESULT)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);//返回系统画笔
}
}break;
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code == STN_CLICKED)
{
MessageBox(NULL, L"静态文本被点击！", L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
七、编辑框
1）创建编辑框
2）样式
3）获取编辑框的内容
4）代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建编辑框控件
HWND hEdit=CreateWindow(L"ediT", L"这是一个编辑框", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL |ES_MULTILINE|ES_AUTOVSCROLL|ES_NOHIDESEL,
30, 30, 200, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//向编辑框发送选择字符串的消息
SendMessage(hEdit, EM_SETSEL, 2, 6);
//剪切刚刚选择的文字
//SendMessage(hEdit, WM_CUT, 0, 0);
//撤销
//SendMessage(hEdit, EM_UNDO, 0, 0);
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code == EN_CHANGE)
{
//MessageBox(NULL, L"编辑框的文本被改变！", L"提示", MB_OK);
TCHAR buf[64] = {0};
GetWindowText(hCtrl, buf, sizeof(buf));
MessageBox(NULL, buf , L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
八、美化编辑框
代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建编辑框控件
HWND hEdit = CreateWindow(L"ediT", L"这是一个编辑框", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL | ES_MULTILINE | ES_AUTOVSCROLL | ES_NOHIDESEL,
30, 30, 200, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//向编辑框发送选择字符串的消息
SendMessage(hEdit, EM_SETSEL, 2, 6);
//剪切刚刚选择的文字
//SendMessage(hEdit, WM_CUT, 0, 0);
//撤销
//SendMessage(hEdit, EM_UNDO, 0, 0);
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code == EN_CHANGE)
{
//MessageBox(NULL, L"编辑框的文本被改变！", L"提示", MB_OK);
TCHAR buf[64] = { 0 };
GetWindowText(hCtrl, buf, sizeof(buf));
MessageBox(NULL, buf, L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
case WM_CTLCOLOREDIT:
{
HDC hdc = (HDC)wParam;
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;
//获取编辑框控件的ID
UINT CtrlID = GetWindowLong(hCtrl, GWL_ID);
if (CtrlID == 111)
{
SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(255, 0, 0));//文字颜色
SetBkMode(hdc, TRANSPARENT);//文字背景色透明
}
HBRUSH hbr = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255, 255, 0));
return (LRESULT)hbr;//控件的背景色
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
九、列表框
1）创建列表框
2）样式
3）利用SendMessage（）函数获取选择的内容。
4）列表控件消息
5）代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建列表框控件
HWND hListBox=CreateWindow(L"listBOX", L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE|LBS_SORT|LBS_NOTIFY,
30, 30, 200, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)111, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
//向末尾添加选项
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0,(LPARAM) L"B音乐");
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"A啤酒");
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"C啤酒");
//插入字符串
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, 1, (LPARAM)L"炸鸡");
//选择其中一项,选择索引为2的，单选模式才有效
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, 2, 0 );
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code == LBN_SELCHANGE)//创建时需指定LBS_NOTIFY样式
{
// 获取当前选择的索引
int index=SendMessage(hCtrl, LB_GETCURSEL, 0,0);
//获取索引对应的字符串
TCHAR buf[64] = { 0 };
SendMessage(hCtrl, LB_GETTEXT, index, (LPARAM)buf);
MessageBox(NULL, buf, L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
十、美化列表框
代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建列表框控件
HWND hListBox = CreateWindow(L"listBOX", L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | LBS_SORT | LBS_NOTIFY,
30, 30, 200, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)111, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
//向末尾添加选项
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"B音乐");
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"A啤酒");
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"C啤酒");
//插入字符串
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, 1, (LPARAM)L"炸鸡");
//选择其中一项,选择索引为2的，单选模式才有效
SendMessage(hListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, 2, 0);
return 0;
}
case WM_CTLCOLORLISTBOX:
{
HDC hdc = (HDC)wParam;
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;
UINT CtrlID = GetWindowLong(hCtrl, GWL_ID);
if (CtrlID == 111)//是不是想要美化的某一个列表框控件
{
SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(255, 0, 0));
SetBkMode(hdc , TRANSPARENT);
HBRUSH bsh = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0, 255, 255));
return (LRESULT)bsh;
}
}break;
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code == LBN_SELCHANGE)//创建时需指定LBS_NOTIFY样式
{
// 获取当前选择的索引
int index = SendMessage(hCtrl, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
//获取索引对应的字符串
TCHAR buf[64] = { 0 };
SendMessage(hCtrl, LB_GETTEXT, index, (LPARAM)buf);
MessageBox(NULL, buf, L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
十一、组合框
1）什么是组合框
2）样式
3)代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建组合框
HWND hComboBox=CreateWindow(L"comboBOX", L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | CBS_DROPDOWNLIST|CBS_SORT,
30, 30, 200, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//向组合框添加选项
SendMessage(hComboBox, CB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"C音乐");
SendMessage(hComboBox, CB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"A啤酒");
SendMessage(hComboBox, CB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)L"B炸鸡");
//插入选项
SendMessage(hComboBox, CB_INSERTSTRING, 2, (LPARAM)L"编程");
//选择某一项
SendMessage(hComboBox, CB_SETCURSEL, 3, 0 );
return 0;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
WORD id = LOWORD(wParam);//控件ID
WORD code = HIWORD(wParam);//消息类型
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//窗口句柄
//父窗口接收到子控件发的消息
if (id == 111 && code ==CBN_SELCHANGE)
{
//获取当前选择的索引
int index=SendMessage(hCtrl, CB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
//获取索引对应的文本
TCHAR buf[64] = {0};
SendMessage(hCtrl, CB_GETLBTEXT, index, (LPARAM)buf);
MessageBox(hWnd, buf, L"提示", MB_OK);
}
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
十二、滚动条
1）什么是滚动条
2）WM_HSCROLL接收并处理水平滚动条发送的消息
3）代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建滚动条控件
HWND hScrollBar=CreateWindow(L"scrollBAR", L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SBS_HORZ,
30, 30, 200, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//设置滚动条的范围
SendMessage(hScrollBar, SBM_SETRANGE, 0, 100);
//设置滚动条的滑块位置
SendMessage(hScrollBar, SBM_SETPOS, 40, 1);
return 0;
}
//水平滚动条发送的消息
case WM_HSCROLL:
{
WORD code = LOWORD(wParam);//操作码
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//控件句柄
//获取滚动条的滑块位置
int pos= SendMessage(hCtrl, SBM_GETPOS, 0, 0);
switch (code)
{
//点击左边箭头
case SB_LINELEFT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_LINELEFT\n");
pos -= 1;
break;
//点击右边箭头
case SB_LINERIGHT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_LINERIGHT\n");
pos += 1;
break;
//点击左空白区
case SB_PAGELEFT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_PAGELEFT\n");
pos -= 10;
break;
//点击右空白区
case SB_PAGERIGHT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_PAGERIGHT\n");
pos += 10;
break;
//拖动滑块时的消息
case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
pos = HIWORD(wParam);//拖拽位置，仅当SB_THUMBPOSITION有用
char str[64];
sprintf(str, "SB_THUMBPOSITION %d\n", pos);
OutputDebugStringA(str);
break;
}
//设置滚动条的滑块位置
SendMessage(hCtrl, SBM_SETPOS, pos, 1);
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}
十三、美化滚动条
代码实例
#include
#include
//自定义的窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (Msg)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);//可以使GetMessage返回0
return 0;
case WM_CREATE:
{
LPCREATESTRUCT pcs = (LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam;
//创建滚动条控件
HWND hScrollBar = CreateWindow(L"scrollBAR", L"XXX", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SBS_HORZ,
30, 30, 200, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)111, pcs->hInstance, NULL);
//设置滚动条的范围
SendMessage(hScrollBar, SBM_SETRANGE, 0, 100);
//设置滚动条的滑块位置
SendMessage(hScrollBar, SBM_SETPOS, 40, 1);
return 0;
}
case WM_CTLCOLORSCROLLBAR:
{
HDC hdc = (HDC)wParam;
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;
LONG CtrlID=GetWindowLong(hCtrl, GWL_ID);
if (CtrlID == 111)
{
HBRUSH bsh = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255, 0, 0));
return (LRESULT)bsh;
}
}break;
//水平滚动条发送的消息
case WM_HSCROLL:
{
WORD code = LOWORD(wParam);//操作码
HWND hCtrl = (HWND)lParam;//控件句柄
//获取滚动条的滑块位置
int pos = SendMessage(hCtrl, SBM_GETPOS, 0, 0);
switch (code)
{
//点击左边箭头
case SB_LINELEFT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_LINELEFT\n");
pos -= 1;
break;
//点击右边箭头
case SB_LINERIGHT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_LINERIGHT\n");
pos += 1;
break;
//点击左空白区
case SB_PAGELEFT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_PAGELEFT\n");
pos -= 10;
break;
//点击右空白区
case SB_PAGERIGHT:
OutputDebugString(L"SB_PAGERIGHT\n");
pos += 10;
break;
//拖动滑块时的消息
case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
pos = HIWORD(wParam);//拖拽位置，仅当SB_THUMBPOSITION有用
char str[64];
sprintf(str, "SB_THUMBPOSITION %d\n", pos);
OutputDebugStringA(str);
break;
}
//设置滚动条的滑块位置
SendMessage(hCtrl, SBM_SETPOS, pos, 1);
}break;
default:
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd)
{
//1.注册窗口类
WNDCLASS wnd;
wnd.cbClsExtra = 0;
wnd.cbWndExtra = 0;
wnd.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));//背景色
wnd.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);//光标
wnd.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);//图标
//wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;//默认窗口过程函数，用于处理消息
wnd.lpfnWndProc = MyWindowProc;//自定义的窗口过程函数
wnd.lpszClassName = L"MrHuang";//窗口类名
wnd.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单资源名称
wnd.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口类、样式
wnd.hInstance = hInstance;//实例句柄
RegisterClass(&wnd);
//创建窗口(返回之前发送WM_CREATE)
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(L"MrHuang", L"第一个窗口程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, nShowCmd);
//更新窗口(发送WM_PAINT)
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//消息循环（收到WM_QUIT消息退出）
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);//翻译消息
DispatchMessage(&msg);//分发消息到窗口过程
}
}